Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean
CLKs' awareness and capacity to tap into the benefits of relationships as well as learner-internal elements, were important. RIs from TS and ZL for instance mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a key factor in their pragmatic decision to avoid criticism of a strict professor (see examples 2).
This article reviews all locally published practical research on Korean until 2020. It focuses on pragmatic important topics such as:
Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)
The test for discourse completion is a commonly used tool in pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages but it also has some drawbacks. For instance it is that the DCT is unable to account for
프라그마틱 무료스핀 the cultural and individual variations in communication. Furthermore it is also the case that the DCT is prone to bias and can lead to overgeneralizations. It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used in research or assessment.
Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a useful tool to study the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability to alter social variables that affect politeness in two or more steps could be a plus. This ability can be used to study the effect of prosody across cultural contexts.
In the field of linguistics, DCT is one of the most useful tools to analyze the communication habits of learners. It can be used to investigate many issues, such as politeness, turn-taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to evaluate the phonological complexity of learners their speech.
A recent study utilized a DCT to evaluate EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were presented with a variety of scenarios to choose from, and then asked to choose the appropriate response. The authors discovered that the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods like videos or questionnaires. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT should be used with caution. They also recommended using other methods of data collection.
DCTs can be developed using specific language requirements, like the form and content. These criteria are intuitive and is based on the assumptions made by the test designers. They may not be precise, and they could misrepresent the way that ELF learners actually resist requests in real-world interaction. This issue requires further studies of alternative methods of assessing refusal competence.
In a recent study DCT responses to student inquiries via email were compared to the responses from an oral DCT. The results showed that the DCT promoted more direct and conventionally form-based requests, and a lesser use of hints than email data did.
Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)
This study investigated Chinese learners their pragmatic choices when they use Korean. It employed various tools for experimentation including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of upper intermediate level who answered MQs, DCTs, and RIs. They were also asked to reflect on their evaluation and refusal performance in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs frequently chose to reject native Korean pragmatism norms. Their choices were influenced by four factors such as their personality and multilingual identities, their current life histories and their relational affordances. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.
The MQ data was first analyzed to identify the participants' actual choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then,
프라그마틱 순위 we compared their choices with their linguistic performance using DCTs in order to determine if they are indicative of a pragmatic resistance. Additionally, the participants were asked to explain their choices of behavior in a particular situation.
The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and Z-tests. The CLKs were discovered to use euphemistic words like "sorry" or "thank you". This is likely due to their lack of experience with the target languages, which led to an insufficient understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preferences for either converging to L1 or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varied by the DCT situations. In situations 3 and 12 CLKs favored diverging from both L1- and L2-pragmatic norms,
프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 while in Situation 14 CLKs favored convergence to L1 norms.
The RIs showed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance to each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis in the space of two days of participants completing the MQs. The RIs, which were recorded and transcribed by two coders independent of each other who then coded them. The coding was an iterative process in which the coders listened and discussed each transcript. The results of the coding process were evaluated against the original RI transcripts, giving an indication of how the RIs captured the underlying pragmatic behavior.
Refusal Interviews (RIs)
The most important question in pragmatic research is: Why do certain learners choose not to accept native-speaker norms? Recent research sought to answer this question with several experimental tools including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs, and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. They were asked to perform the DCTs in their native language and complete the MQs either in their L1 or L2. Then,
프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트 they were invited to a RI where they were asked to reflect on their responses to the DCT situations.
The results showed that, on average, the CLKs resisted the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40% of their answers. They did so even though they could create patterns that resembled native ones. They were also aware of their pragmatism resistance. They attributed their decision to learner-internal variables such as their personality and multilingual identities. They also referred external factors, like relational benefits. They also discussed,
프라그마틱 홈페이지 for instance how their interactions with their professors helped them to perform better in terms of the cultural and linguistic norms at their university.
The interviewees expressed concerns about the social pressures or penalties they could face when their social norms were violated. They were concerned that their native interactants might think they are "foreigners" and
프라그마틱 체험 believe that they are unintelligent. This concern was similar in nature to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).
These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the preferred choice of Korean learners. They could still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. But it would be prudent for future researchers to reconsider their relevance in specific scenarios and in various contexts. This will help them better comprehend how different environments can affect the pragmatic behavior of L2 learners in the classroom and beyond. Furthermore it will assist educators to create more effective methods to teach and test the korea-based pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor at Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based out of Seoul.
Case Studies
The case study method is an investigative strategy that relies on participant-centered, deep investigations to explore a specific subject. It is a method that makes use of various sources of information to help support the findings, such as interviews, observations, documents, and artifacts. This type of investigation can be used to examine specific or complicated issues that are difficult to other methods to assess.