Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean
CLKs' awareness and ability to draw on relational affordances and
슬롯 learning-internal factors, were significant. RIs from TS and ZL, for example mentioned their relationship with their local professor as a major factor in their rational decision to avoid criticizing a strict professor (see example 2).
This article reviews all local published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on key pragmatic topics including:
Discourse Construction Tests
The test for discourse completion is a common tool in the field of pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages, but it also has some disadvantages. The DCT, for example, does not take into account individual and cultural differences. The DCT can also be biased and result in overgeneralizations. This is why it is important to analyze it carefully before it is used for research or assessment purposes.
Despite its limitations,
프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 the DCT can be a useful instrument to study the connection between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. The ability of the DCT in two or more stages to alter social variables that affect politeness could be a benefit. This ability can be used to study the impact of prosody in various cultural contexts.
In the field of linguistics, DCT is among the most effective tools to study the behavior of communication learners. It can be used to investigate various issues, including politeness, turn taking,
프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 and lexical choice. It can also be used to assess the phonological difficulty of learners speaking.
Recent research utilized an DCT as an instrument to test the refusal skills of EFL students. The participants were given an array of scenarios and asked to select an appropriate response from the choices provided. The researchers discovered that the DCT to be more efficient than other methods of refusal like videos or questionnaires. However, they cautioned that the DCT should be used with caution and should include other methods for collecting data.
DCTs can be designed using specific language requirements,
프라그마틱 체험 like form and content. These criteria are intuitive and based on the assumptions of the test designers. They are not always accurate and may misrepresent the way ELF learners actually respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires more study on alternative methods for assessing refusal competency.
A recent study compared DCT responses to requests submitted by students through email with those gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCT was more direct and conventionally form-based requests and made a less frequent use of hints than the email data did.
Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)
This study investigated Chinese learners their pragmatic choices when they use Korean. It used various experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks,
프라그마틱 무료체험 metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate proficiency who gave responses to MQs and DCTs. They were also asked to think about their evaluations and refusal responses in RIs. The results showed that CLKs often chose to defy native Korean norms of pragmatism. Their decisions were influenced by four factors such as their personality and multilingual identities, their current life histories, as well as their relationships. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment.
The MQ data were analysed to determine the participants' pragmatic choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the selections were matched with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine whether they were a reflection of pragmatic resistance or not. Interviewees also had to explain the reasons for choosing a pragmatic behavior in certain situations.
The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were analyzed with descriptive statistics and z tests. It was discovered that the CLKs often resorted to phrases like "sorry" and "thank you." This was likely due to their lack of familiarity with the target language, which led to an insufficient knowledge of korea pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preference for converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14 they preferred converging to L1 norms.
The RIs also revealed the CLKs were aware their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed by two independent coders who then coded them. The coders worked in an iterative manner, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript. The coding results were then evaluated against the original RI transcripts, which provided an indication of how the RIs accurately portrayed the core behavior.
Refusal Interviews (RIs)
The key problem in the field of pragmatic research is: why do some learners refuse to accept native-speaker norms? A recent study sought to answer this question employing a range of experimental instruments, including DCTs MQs, DCTs and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs,
프라그마틱 무료 슬롯버프 and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or L2 levels. They were then invited to an RI, where they were asked to reflect on and discuss their responses to each DCT scenario.
The results showed that on average, the CLKs resisted native-speaker pragmatic norms in more than 40% of their responses. They did this even though they could create native-like patterns. They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their decisions to learner-internal factors like their identities, personalities and multilingual identities as well as ongoing life experiences. They also referred to external factors, like relationship affordances. For instance, they discussed how their relationships with professors helped facilitate more relaxed performance with respect to the linguistic and intercultural rules of their university.
The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures or penalties they could face in the event that their local social norms were violated. They were worried that their native friends would perceive them as "foreigners" and think they are incompetent. This worry was similar to that expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).
These findings suggest that native-speakers' pragmatic norms are not the default preference for Korean learners. They may remain useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should reconsider the applicability of these tests in different contexts and in particular situations. This will help them better understand the effects of different cultural contexts on the behavior of students and classroom interactions of students from L2. This will also aid educators create better methods for
프라그마틱 불법 teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consultancy.
Case Studies
The case study method is an investigational strategy that relies on participant-centered,
슬롯 deep investigations to investigate a particular subject. This method uses multiple data sources, such as documents, interviews, and observations, to prove its findings. This type of investigation can be used to examine specific or complicated issues that are difficult to other methods of measuring.