Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean
CLKs' awareness and ability to draw on relational affordances and learner-internal elements, were important. Researchers from TS and ZL for instance were able to cite their relationships with their local professors as a key factor in their rational decision to avoid criticizing a strict professor (see example 2).
This article reviews all local published practical research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on the practical important topics such as:
Discourse Construction Tests
The discourse completion test is a popular tool in the field of pragmatic research. It has numerous advantages, but it also has some disadvantages. The DCT for instance, is unable to account for cultural and individual differences. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. It is essential to analyze it carefully before being used for research or assessment.
Despite its limitations, the DCT is a valuable tool to investigate the connection between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. The ability to manipulate social variables that affect the manner of speaking in two or more steps could be a plus. This feature can help researchers study the role of prosody in communication across cultural contexts,
프라그마틱 무료체험 메타 a major challenge in cross-cultural pragmatics.
In the field of linguistics, the DCT is now one of the primary tools to analyze learners' communication behaviors. It can be used to examine various issues such as politeness, turn taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to determine the phonological complexity of learners' speech.
A recent study used the DCT to evaluate EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were presented with a list of scenarios and asked to select an appropriate response from the choices provided. The researchers discovered that the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods, such as the use of a questionnaire or video recordings. However, they cautioned that the DCT should be employed with caution and include other data collection methods.
DCTs are usually created with specific linguistic requirements in mind, such as content and form. These criteria are based on intuition and based upon the assumptions of test developers. They may not be precise and could misrepresent the way ELF learners respond to requests in real-world interactions. This issue calls for further research on different methods to assess refusal ability.
In a recent study, DCT responses to student requests via email were compared to those from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally indirect requests and
프라그마틱 슬롯 추천 utilized more hints than email data.
Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)
This study investigated Chinese learners making pragmatic choices when using Korean. It employed a variety of experimental tools such as Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions, and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs with intermediate or higher ability who responded to MQs and DCTs. They were also required to provide reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results showed that CLKs often resisted native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four main factors: their personalities, multilingual identities, ongoing life histories, and relational advantages. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.
First, the MQ data were examined to identify the participants' rational choices. The data were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices with their linguistic performance on the DCTs to determine if they are indicative of pragmatic resistance. Interviewees also had to explain the reasons for choosing a pragmatic behavior in certain situations.
The results of the MQs and
프라그마틱 무료체험 메타 DCTs were then analysed using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were found to use euphemistic words like "sorry" or "thank you". This was probably due to their lack of familiarity with the target languages, leading to an insufficient understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that the CLKs' preference for converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12, the CLKs preferred to diverge from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms.
The RIs further revealed that the CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance in each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted in a one-to-one manner within two days after participants had completed the MQs. The RIs were transcribed and recorded by two independent coders and then coded. The coding was an iterative process in which the coders listened and discussed each transcript. The coding results were then contrasted with the original RI transcripts, which provided an indication of how the RIs captured the underlying pragmatic behavior.
Refusal Interviews (RIs)
One of the major questions in pragmatic research is why learners choose to resist native-speaker pragmatic norms. A recent study attempted to answer this question by employing a variety of research tools, including DCTs MQs, DCTs and RIs. Participants comprised 46 CLKs and 44 CNSs from five Korean Universities. The participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or L2. Then they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked consider their responses to the DCT situations.
The results showed that on average, the CLKs rejected native-speaker pragmatic norms in more than 40% of their answers. They did this even though they could create patterns that resembled native ones. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their decisions to learner-internal factors like their identities, personalities and multilingual identities as well as ongoing lives. They also mentioned external factors, such as relational advantages. They described, for example, how their interactions with their professors helped them to function more easily in terms of the cultural and linguistic expectations of their university.
However, the interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures and penalties that they could face if they flouted their social norms. They were worried that their local friends might think they are "foreigners" and believe that they are not intelligent. This concern was similar to those voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).
These findings suggest that native speakers' pragmatic norms are not the preferred norm for Korean learners. They may still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. But it would be prudent for future researchers to revisit their relevance in specific scenarios and in various contexts. This will enable them to better know how different cultures can affect the pragmatic behavior of students in the classroom and beyond. Moreover this will allow educators to create more effective methods to teach and
프라그마틱 슬롯 test korea pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor to Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based in Seoul.
Case Studies
The case study method is an investigative strategy that employs participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject. This method utilizes numerous sources of information like interviews, observations, and documents, to prove its findings. This kind of research can be used to analyze unique or complex subjects that are difficult for other methods to assess.
In a case study the first step is to define the subject and
프라그마틱 무료체험 메타 (
navigate to this website) the objectives of the study.
