The Evolution Site
The theory of evolution through natural selection is the defining force of modern biology. It connects disciplines that are as diverse as genetics microbiology and Palaeontology.
The study of evolution may be controversial, and the misinformation that results can lead to confusion over its basic concepts. This site clarifies the most fundamental concepts.
What is Evolution?
The current understanding of evolution focuses on the gradual change that occurs within populations over time. These changes are the result of natural selection,
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please click the following post, which increases the number of organisms that have traits that are beneficial and allow them to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. As a result, these organisms leave more offspring than those that do not have the beneficial characteristics. This can result in a genetic mutation that could eventually lead to new species.
The term "evolution" is often associated with "survival-of-the best" which means that those who are more adaptable to specific environmental conditions will have a distinct advantage over those less well-adapted. This is only one of the many ways that evolution could happen.
Another common way the word evolution is used to suggest that a species will eventually progress from one state to the next one. This type of view of evolution could be referred to as anagenetic or cladogenesis. This view is not supported by the scientific definition of evolution. The scientific theory of evolutionary change is based on changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are the result of mutations that result from natural selection and genomic variation.
Some scientists, including the great Charles Darwin, advocated this view of evolution. Alfred Russel Wallace who developed the macroevolution theory believed that this was only way the higher living forms could have evolved.
A concept must be able stand up to rigorous tests and evidence to be considered a theory. Evolution has stood the test of time and has been proven to be valid in many scientific disciplines, from geology to biology, the sciences of astronomy to chemistry. Evolution is a cornerstone of science and is supported by the majority of scientists across the globe. Many people are misinformed about the nature of evolution theory, especially how it relates to religion.
What is the Theory of Evolution (Evolutionary Theory)?
Evolution is the scientific explanation for the way living things change over time. It is based on a range of well-established observations: that more offspring are produced than can possibly survive in the long run; that individuals differ from each other in their physical characteristics (phenotype); that different traits confer varying rates of survival and reproduction; and that traits can be passed down to future generations. These findings are supported by the growing body of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology, functional morphology, climatology and geology.
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace independently conceived the theory of evolution through selection in the middle of the 19th century as an explanation why organisms are adapted their biological and physical environments. It is the most widely supported and validated theory in science. Its predictions have been proved out by the fact that, for example more complex organisms have fewer genetic mutations than simpler ones. The more successful an organism gets in terms of surviving and reproducing the more likely it is to pass its genes on to the next generation.
Some people oppose evolution because they believe that it suggests that there is no purpose for life. Many scientists who are religious such as the Cambridge palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris (BioLogos, 2014) believe that evolution is compatible with faith in God and even enhanced by it.
Many highly qualified evolutionary biologists have been involved in the development and testing the theory of evolution, including some respected evangelical Christian leaders. Many of these researchers contributed to the understanding a wide range phenomena, including genomics and phylogenetics as well as the formation and function fossils.
The word "theory" that is often misused refers to scientific hypotheses that have been tested and refined over a period of time. Scientists test hypotheses through repeating the experiments or observations that led them to their conclusions. So the theory of evolution theory has been repeatedly confirmed,
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What is the Process of Evolution?
The process of evolution is the gradual shift over time in the proportion of genetically distinct individuals within a specific species. This is the result of natural selection of individuals that are more adapted to their environment. The individuals who are more adapted have higher chances of reproducing and survival. As more people live and reproduce their genes are more common within the population. This process is sometimes referred to as "survival for the strongest."
According to the theory of evolution, the mutations that produce genomic variation are the primary material of evolutionary change. These mutations may occur at random or be influenced by the environment. If mutations are random, the frequencies of the resulting alleles may differ from generation to generation. In contrast, when the mutation is beneficial it will increase the frequency of the allele, which causes it to spread throughout the population.
As time passes, these changes in allele frequencies can result in the creation of new species. The new species may grow and evolve into newer forms. This is a process called macroevolution. The creation of a new species is often due to changes in the environment which allow certain kinds of resources to become available or cause new environmental problems. For example, the evolution of finches in the Galapagos Islands is a result of the availability of various food sources and the need protect themselves from predators.
In a wider context it is any change that takes place in the nature of organisms over time. This change can be small like the development of a new coloration, or large, such as the development of a brand new organ.
Scientists who believe in the theory of evolution generally agree that genetic change is important in generating evolution. They also acknowledge that the process of evolution happens over a long time, often millions of years. They differ on the importance of different factors that could speed up or slow down this process. For instance the role played by sexual selection, environmental pressures, and mutation bias. Despite these differences, the majority of scientists are still convinced that evolution is real and the evidence to support this is overwhelming.
What is the Evidence of Evolution?
Throughout the years since Darwin's time, scientists have collected evidence that supports Darwin's theory of evolution. This evidence is gathered from fossils that show the evolution of organisms over time. Other evidence is found in similarities among living organisms embryology, biogeography, genetics and comparative anatomy.
The evolutionary tree is the most effective way to prove evolution. It shows how species are closely related. Homologous structures are another proof. They have a similar structure, but they perform different functions in different species, such as the wing of a bat or bird. The fact that different species develop and adapt to the same environment is another sign of evolution. For instance, arctic foxes and ptarmigans develop white fur coats that blend in with snow and ice.